- Course Introduction
- 01: Evidence & DNA
- 02: Forensic Biology
- 03: DNA Extraction & Quantitation
- 04: DNA Amplification
- Overview
- Introduction
- Amplification
- Primer Design
- Primer Length
- Primer Melting Temperature
- Primer Annealing Temperature
- Values for Tm
- Maximum 3′ Stability
- GC Content Percentage
- No Secondary Structures
- No Self-complementarity
- No Complementarity To Other Primers
- No Long Runs With The Same Base
- Distance Between Two Primers On Target Sequence
- Plateau Effect
- Thermal Cyclers
- Thermal Cycling Parameter and Optimization
- Works Cited & Online Links
- Locus Selection
- Multiplexing
- Contamination
- Overview
- 05: Amplified DNA Product Separation
- 06: STR Data Analysis & Interpretation
- 07: Population Genetics & Statistics
- 08: Communicating Results
- 09: Other DNA Markers & Technologies
- Course Resources
- Laboratory Training Manual
President's DNA Initiative
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Advancing Justice Through DNA Technology
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Advancing Justice Through DNA Technology
DNA Analyst Training
Reaction Tubes
Home > DNA Amplification > Overview > Thermal Cyclers > Reaction Tubes
Prior to setting up an amplification reaction, the analyst must ensure that reaction tubes are compatible with the thermal cycler used. Each thermal cycler manufacturer can provide information regarding the size and type of reaction tubes that are recommended. Sample reaction volumes generally range from 25-100µL, although many forensic laboratories have successfully validated reactions with less than 25µL. The thermal cycler used may limit the choices of reaction tubes and sample reaction volumes (e.g. The 480 thermal cycler requires PCR reaction tubes with no lid to allow a mineral oil layer).
